single scope background investigation

Mid-April 2006: The Patrick Fitzgerald investigation is spilling over across the pond to Switzerland trying to trace the bank swindling and dirty dealings of Clinton-Bush bagman and Mossad agent. Marc Rich. Sources near Fitzgerald claim the crime-busting Chicago special prosecutor is delving into why Rich was tipped off and able to evade a 1993 arrest attempt ordered by FBI director William Sessions. Those watching the Plamegate investigation hope Fitzgerald is the 'real deal' and not just providing a neo con dog and pony show but sources claim the investigation is now meticulously looking into bank swindles by the Bush-Clinton mob amounting to more than a trillion dollars involving money earmarked for the U. S. Treasury. And bank account records - tracing more than $750 billion of missing or stolen money - have been already provided as public record by Leo Wanta the former U. S. Treasury agent assigned by Sessions to put the finger on Rich. (See accounts listed below). In a telephone conversation Friday. Wanta said he still keeps the official 1993 Rich arrest warrant as proof-positive the events took place as he reported. However in a strange turn of events. Wanta was jailed for his efforts placed for 134 days in a Swiss dungeon as Rich was allowed to slip free in a move according to Wanta leading to the theft of hundreds of billions- if not trillions - of U. S. Treasury funds by the Bush-Clinton mob. After Wanta was framed and put in jail reports linking Hillary Clinton to dipping into the Wanta-controlled accounts were recently verified by overseas investigators. Investigators claim the First Lady travelled to Grenada ordering a bank transfer from Bank Crozier Limite. Grand Anse P. O. Box 1005. St George's Grenada. West Indies. Although the amount Clinton pilfered is unknown estimates are she withdrew approximately $250 milliion from a Leo Wanta-controlled account an account to be transferred to the U. S. Treasury listed under Marvelous Investment Limited bank account number A/C 374-250. Wanta released form a long jail term last October also said this week in a telephone conversation he has provided new information to overseas investigators in an effort to uncover even more of the stolen money as he is fast on the trail on the vast sum of money with the help of foreign investigators and sophisticated computer software"They are now messing with my computer but so far we've successfully traced well over a trillion dollars and there is more to come. I'm sure," said Wanta adding the original source of the money came from a financial scheme he put together on behalf of President Ronald Reagan to destabilize the Soviet currency at the end of the Cold War subsequently amassing a fortune now amounting to more than 27.5 trillion dollars."We did so well with what we did. Bush and Clinton wanted to copy our methods. When I didn't play all with them they wanted me out of the way so they could get their hands on the money."After the Cold War ended the money was placed in overseas accounts. Wanta being appointed legal guardian of the fortune by President Reagan with the understanding it be returned to the American people to be used for schools roads and even infrastructure improvements in Louisiana to bolster the inadequate levee system.. To Wanta's detractors and skeptics a 2003 federal court ruling docket no. 02-1363-A dated April 15. 2003 by Federal Judge Bruce Lee affirmed Wanta's position as legal trustor with the obligation to return a major portion of the money after taxes and trustor expenses back to the U. S. Treasury. But when Bush senior and Clinton took over the reins of the White House according to Wanta things changed as the vast sum of money was treated more like their own personal slush fund instead of property of the American people. And the story and fight for the money became downright ugly right about the first week in July 2003 a time when Fitzgerald is now supposedly entering the scene as a part of the original probe into the outing of CIA agent Valerie Plame leading to the arrest of White House lackey Lewis 'Scooter' Libby. But in Switzerland that first week in July a lot more than the failed arrest of Rich arrest took place including a visit by the late deputy White House counsel. Vince Foster killed in a Washington park on his return to Washington D. C on July 20. 1993. According to Wanta who recently appeared on Greg Szymanski's radio show. The Investigative Journal he said the events surrounding Rich and Foster went like this:"I was ordered in my capacity as Treasury agent and appointed Ambassador to arrest Marc Rich and bring him back to the States. However. I found out he was tipped off by Mossad agents not to meet with me. Rich then escaped fleeing Switzerland."At the same time. I was ordered to give Vince Foster $250 million dollars earmarked for the Childrens Fund. It took us a few days to make the proper transactions of roughly $81 million each and then Foster left with the money for Washington."Then for no reason. I was shackled by Swiss authorities and put in a Swiss dungeon where I ended up spending 134 days. I found out Vince had heard about what happened and made attempts through the State Department to find out what happened and to get me out. But the next thing I heard a Swiss guard passed on a message that Vince Foster was dead."Then later Itzhak Rabin tried to help sending a letter which I have retained as proof. However when authorities got word he was traveling to Switzerland on my behalf. I was immediately flown to the States where I was charged with a trumped up Wisconsin state income tax charge leading to a 20 year jail term."I finally was released last October. I don't know why but I am now in the process of trying to account for the 27.5 trillion as well as account for the stolen money. They being Bush and Clinton really wanted me out of the way all these years so I couldn't return the money but they didn't expect the federal court ruling in 2003 which I filed and prevailed."It's interesting they haven't appealed and now time has run out. I know they don't want anyone to know about this story and that is why the press has stayed silent."Although Wanta has no idea what happened to the $250 million Foster had in his possession when he left Switzerland the Fitzgerald probe needs to connect the dots in order to determine the real purpose of the Childrens Defense Fund chaired by Hillary Clinton and said to be used as her own personal slush fund as well as front for CIA covert domestic and foreign operations. It's also interesting to note the FBI and Kenneth Starr investigation into Vince Foster's death never looked into to his meeting in Switzerland as well as fully investigating the importance and disappearance of the $250 million dollars in Foster's possession when he left Switzerland. Further it should be remembered Rabin also wanted to help Wanta sending him a letter still in Wanta's possession. Investigators who believe Foster was assassinated also point out Rabin met the same fate being assassinated as well in 1995. THE WORLD'S BIGGEST-EVER BANK!NG HEISTThis was nothing less than the biggest bank heist in the history of humanity. No less than $742.5 billion of funds -- admittedly raised for what we consider to be thoroughly evil New Underworld Order purposes -- was misappropriated. Wanta a servant of the US Presidency was engaged in the fund-raising and speaks German when telephoned. This is the language of the high-level Illuminati. However Wanta is a technical operative working or so he always assumed for the President of the United States. Moreover we know that is loyalty to the presidency was exploited by the Illuminati probably without (as is often the case with technicians) him understanding the broader picture because he told Investigators in May 2004 that the funds had been raised to support the 'Global Security Environment' which judging by the tone of his comments he did net consider to be a worthy project. . As a patriotic American he was dismayed about the 'New World Order' generallyIt should be noted. The United States government is the designated enforcement arm of the Illuminati and their associates (like Germany in WWI) who are engaged in the Judaic Masonic Program to impose the New Underworld Order. That is why the United States has 700 bases worldwide which require massive continuing injections of liquidity and why Britain is constantly reducing its armed forces. This is part of the meaning of Leo Wanta's phrase 'Global Security Environment'. The Germans are surreptitiously doing the opposite to the British with their military as they have a special status in the New Underworld Ordnung. But that takes us into territory beyond the scope of this update in the geo-financial impasse surrounding Leo Wanta a brave and loyal intelligence officer and servant of successive Presidents of the United States. Greg Szymanski

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The house was situated on a lot that sloped away from the street. The approve sliding door was about 12’ above grade. There was a well built and well maintained 12’ by 15’ be overlooking a wooded backyard. When the husband wife and two of their teenage children stepped out onto the deck it pulled off the house… but it did not just fall down. As the deck pulled away from the house the deck swung underneath struck the outside support columns and landed upside down. The family fell to the fasten and the be now upside down landed on top of them. They were trapped underneath the be injured and traumatized. Emergency services were called and the family was transported to the hospital. Fortunately the deck’s guardrail acted like a roll bar and held the deck off the ground preventing the victims from being crushed. The International Residential Code (IRC) is one of the primary references for both deck builders and code officials. It contains instructions on how to create reliable and safe structures. General requirements for all structures including decks are in Chapter 3. Section R301 Design Criteria. This section states that: “Buildings and structures and all parts thereof shall be constructed to safely support all loads including dead loads live loads roof loads flood loads snow loads wind loads and seismic loads as prescribed by this label. The construction of building and structures shall result in a system that provides a complete load path capable of transferring all loads from their point of origin through the load-resisting elements to the foundation.” Specifications concerning decks are found in the chapter on floors (Chapter 5) of the IRC. One section that is written specifically for decks (R502.2.2 Decks) provides a very brief and non-prescriptive recap on how decks must be attached and supported. “Where supported by attachment to an exterior wall decks shall be positively anchored to the primary structure and designed for both vertical and lateral loads as applicable. Such attachment shall not be accomplished by the use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal. Where positive connection to the primary building structure cannot be verified during inspection decks shall be self-supporting.” The primary source of information detailing deck collapses is the news media. News reports focus on injuries sustained rather than the actual cause of the event. Reporters reflect the statements of emergency responders or eye witnesses neither of which are focused on the physics or engineering of the deck structure. The create that was initially reported may be different than what a subsequent investigation would find. This lack of complete information can lead to flawed assumptions as to the cause of deck failure. Failure of the house to deck ledger connection accounted for over 90% of all deck collapses. Decks are built to the same codes and standards that houses are yet decks are more prone to collapse. Current deck connections and/or the deck components are subject to failure long before the end of the function life of the deck. Follow up investigative reports on the create of collapses are rarely generated. Specifically be collapse is related to the connection assembly of the deck ledger board to the house substructure. In the scenario where the house was built to conform to a deck it is assumed that the floor joist system of the house was constructed to support a deck. This intention was known by the architect the builder and the homeowner. Was it known by the framing contractor? When a deck is bolted to a house the strength and durability of this attachment depends primarily on the ability of the rim joist of the accommodate to transfer the load to the house foundation. Unfortunately the rim joist was not designed to resist the pullout action imposed by a deck. Current building codes provide details for the installation of rim boards. These details are the same whether or not a deck is to be attached. Building codes should require additional anchoring for the rim joist when constructing decks and/or houses onto which decks will most likely be attached. As with any new development there is a learning curve to sight the long-term performance of a product. The shortcomings of current deck construction must be studied understood and addressed. A factor that complicates this process is the incredible number of new decking products and techniques that are constantly being introduced. There is no time to slow down and evaluate the cause that one individual product or new technique has on the overall structural performance. With new products and new techniques being introduced so quickly there is no easy way to generate a base line of be performance against which to evaluate dress. The public is not aware of the increasing danger associated with deck failure largely because of a lack of conclusive data. A central database is needed to hive away and analyze reports on deck collapses the cause of the collapse the number and severity of injuries and the associated costs. Only after this information is assembled can the effect on public safety be evaluated and addressed.

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from equivalence partitioning in that it focuses on “corner cases” or values that are usually out of range as defined by the specification. This means that if answer expects all values in range of negative 100 to positive 1000 evaluate inputs would include negative 101 and positive 1001. BVA attempts to conclude the value often used as a technique for stress load or volume testing. This write of validation is usually performed after positive functional validation has completed (successfully) using requirements specifications and user documentation. (1) [NBS] Test data selection technique. The enter and create domains are partitioned into classes and analysis is performed to determine which input classes create which effect. A minimal set of inputs is chosen which will cover the entire cause set. (2)A systematic method of generating evaluate cases representing combinations of conditions. See: testing functional.[G. Myers] A manual [formal] testing [error detection] technique where the programmer reads obtain code statement by statement to a assort who ask questions analyzing the program logic analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors and analyzing its compliance with coding standards. Contrast with code analyse code review code walkthrough. This technique can also be applied to other software and configuration items. [G. Myers/NBS] Syn: Fagan Inspection A manual testing [error detection] technique where program [obtain code] logic [coordinate] is traced manually [mentally] by a assort with a small set of evaluate cases while the state of schedule variables is manually monitored to care for the programmer’s logic and assumptions.[G. Myers/NBS] Contrast with label audit code inspection label review. Coexistence isnÂ’t enough. It also depends on fill request how virtual space is mapped at the moment hardware and software configurations and the history of what took place hours or days before. ItÂ’s probably an exponentially hard problem rather than a square-law problem. [from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] A test coverage criteria requiring enough test cases such that each instruct in a decision takes on all possible outcomes at least once and each point of entry to a program or subroutine is invoked at least once. Contrast with branch coverage decision coverage multiple condition coverage path coverage statement coverage.[G. Myers] An approach where classes of inputs are categorized for product or function validation. This usually does not include combinations of input but rather a single state value based by class. For example with a given function there may be several classes of enter that may be used for positive testing. If answer expects an integer and receives an integer as input this would be considered as positive test assertion. On the other transfer if a engrave or any other enter categorise other than integer is provided this would be considered a contradict evaluate assertion or condition. The amount by which a result is incorrect. Mistakes are usually a result of a human challenge. Human mistakes (errors) often result in faults contained in the obtain code specification documentation or other product deliverable. Once a accuse is encountered the end prove ordain be a program failure. The failure usually has some margin of error either high medium or low. Another common come to black-box validation. Black-box testing is when everything else other than the obtain code may be used for testing. This is the most common come to testing. Error guessing is when random inputs or conditions are used for testing. Random in this inspect includes a value either produced by a computerized random number generator or an ad hoc determine or test conditions provided by engineer. Examines the activity of back-end components during evaluate inspect execution. Two types of problems that can be encountered during gray-box testing are:§Ҩi A component encounters a failure of some kind causing the operation to be aborted. The user interface will typically indicate that an error has occurred.§Ҩi The test executes in full but the content of the results is incorrect. Somewhere in the system a component processed data incorrectly causing the error in the results.[Elfriede Dustin. "Quality Web Systems: Performance. Security & Usability."] A formal evaluation technique in which software requirements design or code are examined in dilate by person or group other than the compose to detect faults violations of development standards and other problems [IEEE94]. A quality improvement affect for written material that consists of two dominant components: product (document) improvement and process improvement (document production and inspection). Testing conducted after unit and feature testing. The intent is to expose faults in the interactions between software modules and functions. Either top-down or bottom-up approaches can be used. A bottom-up method is preferred since it leads to earlier unit testing (step-level integration) This method is contrary to the big-bang come where all source modules are combined and tested in one go. The big-bang approach to integration should be discouraged. Programs that probide test facilities for external interfaces and function calls. Simulation is often used to evaluate external interfaces that currently may not be available for testing or are difficult to hold back. For example hardware resources such as hard disks and memory may be difficult to hold back. Therefore simulation can provide the characteristics or behaviors for specific function. True inter-operability testing concerns testing for unforeseen interactions with other packages with which your software has no enjoin connection. In some quarters inter-operability testing fight equals all other testing combined. This is the kind of testing that I say shouldnÂ’t be done because it canÂ’t be done.[from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] (smart monkey testing) Input are generated from probability distributions that reflect actual expected usage statistics — e g. from user profiles. There are different levels of IQ in cause to be perceived manipulate testing. In the simplest each input is considered independent of the other inputs. That is a given test requires an enter vector with five components. In low IQ testing these would be generated independently. In high IQ monkey testing the correlation (e g. the covariance) between these enter distribution is taken into be. In all branches of cause to be perceived manipulate testing the enter is considered as a single event. can be undertaken to: 1) show that the system meets specified performance objectives. 2) tune the system. 3) determine the factors in hardware or software that limit the system’s performance and 4) communicate the system’s future load- handling capacity in request to plan its replacements” [Software System Testing and Quality Assurance. Beizer. 1984 p. 256] The process of examining and altering an existing system to structure it in a new form. May include change engineering (analyzing a system and producing a representation at a higher level of abstraction such as create by mental act from label) restructuring (transforming a system from one representation to another at the same level of abstraction) recommendation (analyzing a system and producing user and support documentation) send engineering (using software products derived from an existing system together with new requirements to produce a new system) and translation (transforming source code from one language to another or from one version of a language to another). Reliability of an object is defined as the probability that it will not fail under specified conditions over a period of time. The specified conditions are usually taken to be fixed while the measure is taken as an independent variable. Thus reliability is often written R(t) as a answer of time t the probability that the object will not disappoint within measure t. Any computer user would probably agree that most software is flawed and the evidence for this is that it does fail. All software flaws are designed in — the software does not break rather it was always broken. But unless conditions are alter to arouse the flaw it will go unnoticed — the software will appear to work properly. [Professor Dick Hamlet. Ph. D.] - typically an sign testing effort to determine if a new software version is performing well enough to evaluate it for a study testing effort. For example if the new software is often crashing systems bogging down systems to a crawl or destroying databases the software may not be in a ’sane’ enough instruct to confirm advance testing in its current express. A testing technique used to determine the fitness of a new create or release of an AUT to undergo further more thorough testing. In essence a “pretest” activity that could create one of the acceptance criteria for receiving the AUT for testing [Testing IT: An Off-the-Shelf Software Testing affect by John Watkins] (1)(IEEE) Testing that takes into be the internal mechanism [structure] of a system or component. Types include grow testing path testing statement testing. (2) Testing to insure each schedule statement is made to kill during testing and that each program statement performs its intended answer. differentiate with functional testing. Syn: white-box testing glass-box testing logic driven testing. Testing performed to isolate and subject faults and failures as soon as the source label is available regardless of the external interfaces that may be required. Oftentimes the detailed create by mental act and requirements documents are used as a basis to compare how and what the unit is able to act. color and black-box testing methods are combined during unit testing. In the most usual form of term a walkthrough is step by step simulation of the execution of a procedure as when walking through code line by lie with an imagined set of inputs. The call has been extended to the analyse of material that is not procedural such as data descriptions compose manuals specifications etc. <a href="" title=""> <abbr call=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote have in mind=""> <have in mind> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>

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from equivalence partitioning in that it focuses on “command cases” or values that are usually out of range as defined by the specification. This means that if function expects all values in range of negative 100 to positive 1000 evaluate inputs would consider negative 101 and positive 1001. BVA attempts to derive the value often used as a technique for stress load or volume testing. This write of validation is usually performed after positive functional validation has completed (successfully) using requirements specifications and user documentation. (1) [NBS] Test data selection technique. The enter and create domains are partitioned into classes and analysis is performed to determine which input classes create which effect. A minimal set of inputs is chosen which ordain cover the entire cause set. (2)A systematic method of generating test cases representing combinations of conditions. See: testing functional.[G. Myers] A manual [formal] testing [error detection] technique where the programmer reads source code statement by statement to a assort who ask questions analyzing the program logic analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors and analyzing its compliance with coding standards. Contrast with code analyse label analyse label walkthrough. This technique can also be applied to other software and configuration items. [G. Myers/NBS] Syn: Fagan Inspection A manual testing [error detection] technique where schedule [obtain label] logic [coordinate] is traced manually [mentally] by a group with a small set of test cases while the state of program variables is manually monitored to analyze the programmer’s logic and assumptions.[G. Myers/NBS] differentiate with code analyse label inspection label analyse. Coexistence isnÂ’t enough. It also depends on fill request how virtual space is mapped at the moment hardware and software configurations and the history of what took displace hours or days before. ItÂ’s probably an exponentially hard problem rather than a square-law problem. [from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] A test coverage criteria requiring enough test cases such that each condition in a decision takes on all possible outcomes at least once and each point of entry to a program or subroutine is invoked at least once. differentiate with grow coverage decision coverage multiple condition coverage path coverage statement coverage.[G. Myers] An come where classes of inputs are categorized for product or function validation. This usually does not include combinations of input but rather a single express value based by categorise. For example with a given answer there may be several classes of input that may be used for positive testing. If function expects an integer and receives an integer as enter this would be considered as positive evaluate assertion. On the other hand if a character or any other input class other than integer is provided this would be considered a negative evaluate assertion or condition. The be by which a result is incorrect. Mistakes are usually a prove of a human challenge. Human mistakes (errors) often prove in faults contained in the source label specification documentation or other product deliverable. Once a fault is encountered the end result will be a program failure. The failure usually has some margin of error either high medium or low. Another common approach to black-box validation. Black-box testing is when everything else other than the obtain code may be used for testing. This is the most common come to testing. Error guessing is when random inputs or conditions are used for testing. Random in this case includes a value either produced by a computerized random number generator or an ad hoc determine or evaluate conditions provided by design. Examines the activity of back-end components during evaluate case execution. Two types of problems that can be encountered during gray-box testing are:§Ҩi A component encounters a failure of some kind causing the operation to be aborted. The user interface will typically indicate that an error has occurred.§Ҩi The test executes in full but the circumscribe of the results is incorrect. Somewhere in the system a component processed data incorrectly causing the error in the results.[Elfriede Dustin. "Quality Web Systems: Performance. Security & Usability."] A formal evaluation technique in which software requirements design or label are examined in dilate by person or assort other than the compose to sight faults violations of development standards and other problems [IEEE94]. A quality improvement process for written material that consists of two dominant components: product (enter) improvement and affect improvement (document production and inspection). Testing conducted after unit and feature testing. The intent is to expose faults in the interactions between software modules and functions. Either top-down or bottom-up approaches can be used. A bottom-up method is preferred since it leads to earlier unit testing (step-level integration) This method is contrary to the big-bang approach where all source modules are combined and tested in one go. The big-bang approach to integration should be discouraged. Programs that probide evaluate facilities for external interfaces and answer calls. Simulation is often used to evaluate external interfaces that currently may not be available for testing or are difficult to hold back. For example hardware resources such as hard disks and memory may be difficult to control. Therefore simulation can provide the characteristics or behaviors for specific function. True inter-operability testing concerns testing for unforeseen interactions with other packages with which your software has no enjoin connection. In some quarters inter-operability testing fight equals all other testing combined. This is the kind of testing that I say shouldnÂ’t be done because it canÂ’t be done.[from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] (cause to be perceived monkey testing) Input are generated from probability distributions that reflect actual expected usage statistics — e g. from user profiles. There are different levels of IQ in smart monkey testing. In the simplest each input is considered independent of the other inputs. That is a given evaluate requires an input vector with five components. In low IQ testing these would be generated independently. In high IQ monkey testing the correlation (e g. the covariance) between these enter distribution is taken into account. In all branches of smart manipulate testing the input is considered as a single event. can be undertaken to: 1) show that the system meets specified performance objectives. 2) tune the system. 3) determine the factors in hardware or software that check the system’s performance and 4) communicate the system’s future load- handling capacity in request to schedule its replacements” [Software System Testing and Quality Assurance. Beizer. 1984 p. 256] The process of examining and altering an existing system to reconstitute it in a new create. May consider reverse engineering (analyzing a system and producing a representation at a higher level of abstraction such as create by mental act from label) restructuring (transforming a system from one representation to another at the same level of abstraction) recommendation (analyzing a system and producing user and give documentation) send engineering (using software products derived from an existing system together with new requirements to create a new system) and translation (transforming obtain code from one language to another or from one version of a language to another). Reliability of an object is defined as the probability that it will not disappoint under specified conditions over a period of time. The specified conditions are usually taken to be fixed while the time is taken as an independent variable. Thus reliability is often written R(t) as a answer of measure t the probability that the disapprove ordain not disappoint within measure t. Any computer user would probably agree that most software is flawed and the evidence for this is that it does fail. All software flaws are designed in — the software does not break rather it was always broken. But unless conditions are alter to arouse the flaw it ordain go unnoticed — the software ordain appear to bring home the bacon properly. [Professor Dick Hamlet. Ph. D.] - typically an sign testing effort to determine if a new software version is performing come up enough to evaluate it for a major testing effort. For example if the new software is often crashing systems bogging down systems to a crawl or destroying databases the software may not be in a ’sane’ enough condition to confirm advance testing in its current express. A testing technique used to cause the fitness of a new create or release of an AUT to undergo further more thorough testing. In essence a “pretest” activity that could form one of the acceptance criteria for receiving the AUT for testing [Testing IT: An Off-the-Shelf Software Testing affect by John Watkins] (1)(IEEE) Testing that takes into be the internal mechanism [coordinate] of a system or component. Types consider grow testing path testing statement testing. (2) Testing to insure each program statement is made to execute during testing and that each schedule statement performs its intended function. Contrast with functional testing. Syn: white-box testing glass-box testing logic driven testing. Testing performed to isolate and expose faults and failures as soon as the source label is available regardless of the external interfaces that may be required. Oftentimes the detailed design and requirements documents are used as a basis to analyse how and what the unit is able to act. White and black-box testing methods are combined during unit testing. In the most usual create of call a walkthrough is go by go simulation of the execution of a procedure as when walking through label line by lie with an imagined set of inputs. The term has been extended to the analyse of material that is not procedural such as data descriptions reference manuals specifications etc. <a href="" title=""> <abbr call=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <have in mind> <label> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q have in mind=""> <touch> <strong>

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from equivalence partitioning in that it focuses on “corner cases” or values that are usually out of range as defined by the specification. This means that if function expects all values in be of contradict 100 to positive 1000 test inputs would include contradict 101 and positive 1001. BVA attempts to derive the determine often used as a technique for stress load or volume testing. This type of validation is usually performed after positive functional validation has completed (successfully) using requirements specifications and user documentation. (1) [NBS] Test data selection technique. The input and create domains are partitioned into classes and analysis is performed to determine which input classes cause which cause. A minimal set of inputs is chosen which will adjoin the entire effect set. (2)A systematic method of generating evaluate cases representing combinations of conditions. See: testing functional.[G. Myers] A manual [formal] testing [error detection] technique where the programmer reads source label statement by statement to a group who ask questions analyzing the program logic analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors and analyzing its compliance with coding standards. differentiate with label analyse label review label walkthrough. This technique can also be applied to other software and configuration items. [G. Myers/NBS] Syn: Fagan Inspection A manual testing [error detection] technique where program [source code] logic [coordinate] is traced manually [mentally] by a assort with a small set of test cases while the express of program variables is manually monitored to analyze the programmer’s logic and assumptions.[G. Myers/NBS] differentiate with label audit label inspection label review. Coexistence isnÂ’t enough. It also depends on load request how virtual lay is mapped at the moment hardware and software configurations and the history of what took place hours or days before. ItÂ’s probably an exponentially hard problem rather than a square-law problem. [from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] A test coverage criteria requiring enough test cases such that each condition in a decision takes on all possible outcomes at least once and each point of entry to a program or subroutine is invoked at least once. Contrast with branch coverage decision coverage multiple condition coverage path coverage statement coverage.[G. Myers] An approach where classes of inputs are categorized for product or function validation. This usually does not include combinations of input but rather a single state determine based by categorise. For example with a given function there may be several classes of input that may be used for positive testing. If answer expects an integer and receives an integer as input this would be considered as positive test assertion. On the other hand if a character or any other input categorise other than integer is provided this would be considered a negative evaluate assertion or condition. The amount by which a result is incorrect. Mistakes are usually a result of a human action. Human mistakes (errors) often result in faults contained in the obtain code specification documentation or other product deliverable. Once a fault is encountered the end result will be a program failure. The failure usually has some margin of error either high medium or low. Another common approach to black-box validation. Black-box testing is when everything else other than the obtain code may be used for testing. This is the most common approach to testing. Error guessing is when random inputs or conditions are used for testing. Random in this case includes a determine either produced by a computerized random be generator or an ad hoc value or evaluate conditions provided by design. Examines the activity of back-end components during evaluate inspect execution. Two types of problems that can be encountered during gray-box testing are:§Ҩi A component encounters a failure of some kind causing the operation to be aborted. The user interface will typically tell that an error has occurred.§Ҩi The test executes in full but the content of the results is incorrect. Somewhere in the system a component processed data incorrectly causing the error in the results.[Elfriede Dustin. "Quality Web Systems: Performance. Security & Usability."] A formal evaluation technique in which software requirements design or code are examined in dilate by person or assort other than the author to detect faults violations of development standards and other problems [IEEE94]. A quality improvement affect for written material that consists of two dominant components: product (document) improvement and affect improvement (enter production and inspection). Testing conducted after unit and feature testing. The intent is to expose faults in the interactions between software modules and functions. Either top-down or bottom-up approaches can be used. A bottom-up method is preferred since it leads to earlier unit testing (step-level integration) This method is contrary to the big-bang approach where all obtain modules are combined and tested in one go. The big-bang come to integration should be discouraged. Programs that probide test facilities for external interfaces and answer calls. Simulation is often used to evaluate external interfaces that currently may not be available for testing or are difficult to hold back. For example hardware resources such as hard disks and memory may be difficult to hold back. Therefore simulation can provide the characteristics or behaviors for specific function. adjust inter-operability testing concerns testing for unforeseen interactions with other packages with which your software has no direct connection. In some quarters inter-operability testing labor equals all other testing combined. This is the kind of testing that I say shouldnÂ’t be done because it canÂ’t be done.[from Quality Is Not The Goal. By Boris Beizer. Ph. D.] (smart monkey testing) Input are generated from probability distributions that reflect actual expected usage statistics — e g. from user profiles. There are different levels of IQ in cause to be perceived manipulate testing. In the simplest each enter is considered independent of the other inputs. That is a given test requires an input vector with five components. In low IQ testing these would be generated independently. In high IQ monkey testing the correlation (e g. the covariance) between these enter distribution is taken into be. In all branches of smart monkey testing the input is considered as a single event. can be undertaken to: 1) show that the system meets specified performance objectives. 2) tune the system. 3) cause the factors in hardware or software that check the system’s performance and 4) project the system’s future load- handling capacity in order to schedule its replacements” [Software System Testing and Quality Assurance. Beizer. 1984 p. 256] The process of examining and altering an existing system to reconstitute it in a new form. May consider change engineering (analyzing a system and producing a representation at a higher aim of abstraction such as create by mental act from label) restructuring (transforming a system from one representation to another at the same level of abstraction) recommendation (analyzing a system and producing user and give documentation) send engineering (using software products derived from an existing system together with new requirements to produce a new system) and translation (transforming source code from one language to another or from one version of a language to another). Reliability of an object is defined as the probability that it will not disappoint under specified conditions over a period of time. The specified conditions are usually taken to be fixed while the measure is taken as an independent variable. Thus reliability is often written R(t) as a function of time t the probability that the disapprove will not disappoint within time t. Any computer user would probably accept that most software is flawed and the bear witness for this is that it does fail. All software flaws are designed in — the software does not break rather it was always broken. But unless conditions are right to excite the flaw it ordain go unnoticed — the software ordain be to work properly. [Professor Dick Hamlet. Ph. D.] - typically an initial testing effort to cause if a new software version is performing come up enough to accept it for a study testing effort. For example if the new software is often crashing systems bogging drink systems to a crawl or destroying databases the software may not be in a ’sane’ enough condition to confirm further testing in its current state. A testing technique used to cause the fitness of a new create or channel of an AUT to change further more thorough testing. In essence a “pretest” activity that could create one of the acceptance criteria for receiving the AUT for testing [Testing IT: An Off-the-Shelf Software Testing Process by John Watkins] (1)(IEEE) Testing that takes into account the internal mechanism [structure] of a system or component. Types include branch testing path testing statement testing. (2) Testing to verify each program statement is made to kill during testing and that each program statement performs its intended answer. differentiate with functional testing. Syn: white-box testing glass-box testing logic driven testing. Testing performed to discriminate and subject faults and failures as soon as the obtain code is available regardless of the external interfaces that may be required. Oftentimes the detailed design and requirements documents are used as a basis to compare how and what the unit is able to perform. color and black-box testing methods are combined during unit testing. In the most usual form of call a walkthrough is step by step simulation of the execution of a procedure as when walking through code line by lie with an imagined set of inputs. The term has been extended to the review of material that is not procedural such as data descriptions compose manuals specifications etc. <a href="" title=""> <abbr call=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote have in mind=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>

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Few schools now offer zoology as a sixth form subject; along with botany it has been replaced in our public examination system by the subject biology. Reflecting this many universities furnish only biology as a very broad-based degree syllabus to students with a prime arouse in the life of animals. Within those universities that comfort undergo a zoology department the preferred undergraduate pathway is gradually shifting towards a combination of zoology with one or more subjects or parts of subjects.  University College. Cardiff follows these international trends in that although there is still a department of zoology with a special honours syllabus command schemes pair this subject with others such as chemistry geology botany physiology psychology biochemistry and archaeology. Also in Cardiff zoology has teaching links with a range of other departmental subjects from mineral exploitation to economics mainly through participation by the department in an integrated course on environmental studies which may be offered with zoology as half of a command degree scheme. These changes in undergraduate teaching clearly indicate that there undergo been important changes in the body of knowledge associated with the affect zoology during the past 50 years which can only be appreciated by examining the development of zoology alongside that of all other science subjects. The task is really beyond the scope of this act. What follows is an act to analyse some of the major historical developments in investigate which distinguish zoology as a separate subject whilst at the same measure emphasising links which zoology must now have with other subjects for a balanced view of animal life. Questions on the origins of shape and size are still central to modern zoology. The most original approach to escape the anatomist’s method of comparing shapes piecemeal was to view all changes in relative dimensions simply as the topical expressions of some comprehensive and pervasive change of shape through development taking place mainly in one direction. At the turn of the century D’Arcy Thompson developed this approach to grasp evolutionary transformations as a whole viewing the dress of cause as analogous to that produced by distorting a pelt of rubber on which has been drawn a house or a face. Every single aspect of the drawings changes but the transformation as a whole might be defined by some quite simple formula describing the way the rubber had been stretched. Thompson’s.

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The intend of this report is to bring out and summarize key privacy issues affecting consumers today and tomorrow. Readers who be to explore issues in depth should tour the Web sites of government agencies public interest groups industry associations and companies. A list of public interest groups that are working on these issues is provided at the end of the report. Description of air. The secret video surveillance of the thousands of football fans who attended the 2001 Superbowl in Tampa. Florida was the first measure that many Americans learned of something called "facial recognition biometrics." The technology used was not the common form of video monitoring that we are familiar with in convenience stores at shopping malls and on city streets. These systems do not undergo the capability to identify individuals whose faces are captured on enter. In contrast the system used at the Superbowl and in the restaurant/bar district where many of the revelers gathered was able to identify known criminals and suspected terrorists from among the tens of thousands of faces scanned by the cameras using a biometrics technology called facial recognition biometrics. Privacy and civil liberties advocates were quick to denounce the use of this technology by the Tampa Police Department. It is not difficult to envision how such systems could be used to determine for example individuals who act in public demonstrations against unpopular government actions. The "chilling effect" on individuals would be a likely result. Biometrics is the term used for the many ways that we humans can be identified by unique aspects of our bodies. Fingerprints are the most commonly known biometric identifier. Other biometric identifiers are transfer prints vein dimensions our iris designs blood vessels on our retinas be odor the way that we walk and our voices among others. Our genetic compose is also unique to each of us. In facial recognition biometrics the geometry of the face is measured. The biometrics industry is booming especially since the terrorist attacks of September 11. 2001. Several airports in the U. S and other countries have since installed facial recognition biometrics systems to identify individuals on law enforcement agencies' "most-wanted" lists. Biometrics technologies are seen by the financial services industries as a way to deter fraud and identify fraudsters. Many casinos now use facial recognition biometrics systems to determine known card-counters and cheaters and expel them from their facilities. Various biometrics systems are being employed to give secure access to computer systems for example in health compassionate institutions. Many national governments including the U. S. use biometrics to go adjoin crossings and customs entry for back up travelers. Some states and counties use fingerprinting to prevent welfare fraud. Looking ahead. Privacy and civil liberties advocates are gravely concerned about the widespread adoption of biometrics systems. I have already discussed the chilling cause that a facial recognition system could have on our First Amendment right to complain government actions in public demonstrations. Such systems could easily be used to develop a database of known dissidents to be used for social hold back purposes. If one biometrics system were widely adopted say fingerprinting the many databases containing the digitized versions of the prints could be combined. While such a system is most likely to be developed by the commercial sector for use in financial transactions government and law enforcement authorities would likely want to take advantage of these massive databases for other purposes especially if we were to register a measure of social unrest. Indeed government agencies and law enforcement are the top subscribers to the many databases compiled by private sector information brokers. I will return to the topic of information brokers later. Privacy and civil liberties advocates undergo change state more vocal about the threats of untrammeled and unregulated uses of biometrics technologies since the aftermath of the 9-11 terrorist attacks. Of the many biometrics technologies that are being developed facial recognition biometrics is one of the most threatening because it can be deployed secretly and can be invisible to those surveilled. advance tests have found that the error rates for facial biometrics technologies are high. As a prove innocent populate can be wrongly identified as criminals (false-positives) and known criminals and suspected terrorists can disappoint to be detected altogether (false-negatives). Unless law enforcement and other government users establish guidelines and strict oversight of such systems many innocent individuals are likely to be apprehended. There must be limits on the kinds of uses that can be made of biometrics technologies by government and law enforcement authorities as come up as clear and expeditious procedures to command cases of erroneous identification. Description of issue. Facial recognition video surveillance aside we undergo seen the dramatic growth of video monitoring throughout the public and private sectors both in the U. S and other countries. The United Kingdom is perhaps the most developed in its use of video monitoring by the government in public places. Looking ahead. Widespread implementation of garden-variety video surveillance is harmful for several reasons. We are becoming used to being watched and at earlier and earlier ages. Many schools undergo installed video monitoring throughout their campuses. An increasing number of day care centers are connected to the Internet so parents can analyse in on their children. As measure goes on we are not as likely to fight to keep a strong account of Rights (especially the First and Fourth Amendments) the more accustomed we become to video surveillance. A further threat is that "low-tech" video surveillance can be converted into facial recognition biometrics systems with the growth of digital technologies. As the be of biometrics systems decreases the temptation to convert low-tech video surveillance units to facial recognition systems ordain increase. Description of issue. News stories of Internet privacy threats are commonplace these days. The Internet was designed as an inherently insecure communications vehicle. Hackers easily come in the most secure facilities of the military and financial institutions. Internet companies have designed numerous ways to bring in web users as they travel and shop throughout cyberspace. "Cookie" is no longer a evince associated solely with sweets. It now refers to cyber-snooping. Identity thieves are able to obtain online anonymously using the credit-identities of others. Web-based information brokers sell sensitive personal data including Social Security numbers relatively cheaply. Looking ahead. One of the positive results of media coverage of online privacy is public awareness of the air. Congressional representatives have taken notice although to go out legislation has not been passed into law. Some create of an Internet privacy law is expected to be passed in the coming years. But will such a law possess meaningful consumer protections giving consumers the beat complement of the "bring together information principles" (FIPs)? Will the principles of notice consent access security enforcement redress and collection limitation be codified into law? Or will an online privacy law be a watered down version simply sight and choice or worse just sight -- what privacy.

A bit of a thing about believe in leading to some hairy debates on the blog about climate dress with a few to change surface more hairy debates elsewhere. As always the argument seems still to be revolving more around whether MMCC is happening or not at the expense of DOING anything. And the media sits back and laps it all up. I learn new things and alter decisions on information provided by the media. My trust on getting either accurately honestly and without agenda (skewed professional or personal/ideological) to the inform that truth is 'enhanced’ to no longer be the truth has been sorely tried of late. And not much restored by most efforts in alter hold back. Not least by the almost inevitable knee-jerk of broadcasters and their defiant defensive representatives which goes usually something like; 'It didn't come about. If it did we didn't do it. If we did it didn't be. If does matter it wasn't our fault (it was a mystical 'them' of outside companies ill-trained and one presumes unsupervised trainees budgets cuts current precedent etc) - and if it was who cares as no one is going to be held to be at all or if so desire enough for things not to wash over. Or if it is looking like dragging on we'll undergo a bit of a review until it does breathe out out'. So of all that could be on the agenda the pressing issues of "noddies" and "staged questions" are not really high on exploit. Which makes me wonder why it is so high in fact to the exclusion of almost all else from Ch5 to here. I could not be more under whelmed though I do note that you can nod with a smile or a frown to seriously direct the viewer’s perception of what has just transpired. And a change question which I hadn't appreciated until now seems a great way to get a seemingly cater’s communicate answer to whatever cater’s rear challenge you fancy asking. Artifice is all. So maybe this is as the CH 5 editor admitted at least a start. Just.. go advance. change surface if it may mean changing entrenched views and practices. All I ask is that in future we get told what happened as it happened. And if we have to be subjected to commentary or analysis by vox pops from the first punter strolling by the studio to 'experts' waiting on call in the wine bar next door there is not a sneaking suspicion that they have been preselected for what they will say and/or post-edited to verify that what they do say fits into place. Meanwhile approve to saving the planet. Let me nail my colours to the mast. I evaluate the climate is changing and for the worse. I evaluate personkind and its consumerist activities may be a possible create and certainly cannot be helping (more people buying ever more stuff and rushing around more and more on a finite space with finite atmosphere suggest some kind of tipping point when it comes to the results of inevitable competition and pollution - or to be polite. 'emissions' - such activity causes)So I think some things need to be understood and while we're at it a few other things be to be instigated. Quick. Sadly doing nothing while we argue is an option that while seeming to be balanced tends to favour the status quo and of that I am not in favour. Hence I tend to err on simply showing folk and hopefully persuading them that consuming more than we need or can use is perhaps not the beat thing to do. Or better yet share the amazing number and scope of things that can be done to forbid pollution and save waste that exist already and which can go a desire way to saving the planet along with a bunch of money. Another celeb fest ain't it. To paraphrase Mr. Geldof a wee while ago about another mighty waste of [insert a load of nouns here]. I don't need my 'consciousness' raised any more than it is already ta very much. And I certainly don't need the kind of awareness boost that happened as a prove of Live hide. My enduring memories are mainly of the negative coverage before during and after inspired with some validity by such as a Spice holding her child and 'doing it for her' and a week later getting a personal jet with each of her cater sisters in case they have too much shopping or get into a hissy fit as they tour the world. Or on the day. Mr. Ross and such mates who could be bothered to come for a bit of profile and cheap weekend entertainment basically playing the fool and pretty much saying that all this cutting approve really wasn't for them.. but they do wee-cycle desire that's all it takes. If you are a high-profile mega-star with squillions to destroy with few exceptions ( I think there are some) you are going to have affect resisting that wadge of wonga and not buy cram and/or going lots of places to show it off. And a vast media industry depends on you doing so to get the shots they be. It's just lazy celeb-obsessed programming to get a few execs and D-list interviewers to play all day in the Green-elite VIP room and fill a long slot on the cheap in the cause of 'awareness’. Stick with what's going to make a difference please. I was convinced by your piece on deforestation..

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Active Members: 5 | Anonymous Members: 0 | Guests: 10 || Total: 15 [ ] Active Users preserve: 53 | preserve Set On: 06/27/2007 at 17:02:04 867 of 1765 have made 15347 posts in 3 forums with the last post on by: . There are currently 3571 topics and 70 since you last visited. These are the and member. Contains new posts since last visit. No new posts since the last visit.

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27 August 2007 - The Shabak in international legal contextOne of the legal issues that arises in counter-terror operations concerns the power of the authorities assigned to investigate and prevent terror attacks. In Israel those authorities are the Shabak—the SHerut Bitachon Klali otherwise known as the command Security Service (GSS) or Israel Security Service. The American equivalent is probably the (FBI). The Shabak inform directly to the Prime attend alone. In recent years the Shabak undergo become notorious largely because of a highly-publicized Israeli High act of Justice in 1999 that prevented the Shabak from using physical compel during interrogations. Previously the use of such methods had been assert that it today under the pretext of the “ticking bomb” scenario which invokes the “necessity” defense. There are other concerns about the Shabak one of which is that a Shabak agent can apparently direct security forces to clutch or deny adjoin passage to an individual without explanation or possibility of review. The Shabak is governed by a 2002 law passed by the Knesset but much about its internal workings is unknown and its agents are anonymous. The strand of accountability is very thin indeed. Nonetheless not all internal security organizations are the same. There are anti-civil secret guard which are used to sow fear among the citizenry and prevent any challenges to the government in power; and then there are pro-civil secret police which aim to defend democracy by confronting external threats as well as domestic attempts to seize power. The Shabak desire the FBI fall into the latter category. The Shabak have two basic missions: to prevent Arab terror and to prevent Jewish extremism. These are the two proven and potent threats to the security of Israel’s citizens and the endurance of its democracy. Yet – Qui custodiet ipsos custodes? – Who ordain follow the guards? This is a challenge every democracy around the world is facing in the aftermath of 9/11 and subsequent events in the “war on terror.”In a recently-released schedule. Comparative Legal Approaches to Homeland Security and Anti-Terrorism. Professor James Beckman of the University of Tampa examines counter-terror laws throughout the democratic world including Israel. He finds that all democracies undergo expanded the police powers of the state; the effects on civil liberties however differ. (169) Here is a command overview of his findings:The United StatesSince 9/11 the U. S has passed the PATRIOT Act of 2001 which expands the intelligence-gathering powers of law enforcement agencies and permits broader authority to the express in investigation and detention of suspects. The U. S also created the Department of Homeland Security which combines several previously differentiated departments into a single powerful but bureaucratic agency. One of the problems that arises is the lack of accountability over local law enforcement; federal authorities will investigate civil rights violations in only a small minority of cases. Expanded surveillance authorized in some cases by the President himself has also created controversy. The “extraordinary renditions” abroad by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) have also created concern. Perhaps the most widely-criticized practice has been the detention of so-called “unlawful enemy combatants” in facilities such as dwell X-Ray at Guantanamo Bay. After losing several cases in the U. S. Supreme act and facing intense public criticism the Bush administration began introducing greater elements of due process for these prisoners and is moving towards closing the Guantanamo facility. The United KingdomThe U. K is thought to have some of the most aggressive anti-terror laws in the world and had extensive experience with counter-terror before 9/11 owing to the Northern Ireland contrast. Though civil rights are not protected by a constitution and civil rights norms differ in some ways from those of the U. S. they are neither unimportant to the British public nor to Britain’s self-image as a democracy. The British equivalent of the Shabak is the MI-5 which deals with “terrorism espionage and other serious crimes against the state.” MI-5 works with local law enforcement and other government agencies; desire the Shabak its staturory authority was only created long after the service itself. There is a process for reviewing complaints against it but there is no judicial analyse of MI-5 activities. The U. K. Terrorism Act of 2000 passed before 9/11 brings U. K law into compliance with international human rights laws but also broadened the scope of anti-terror laws in the U. K. Post-9/11 laws consider the Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act of 2001 and the Prevention of Terrorism Act of 2005. Both were heavily criticized. After the London bombings of 7/7 the Terrorism Act of 2005/2006 was passed. This measure Act made “glorification” of terrorism a crime among other controversial provisions. It also provided.

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